DVA-C02 practice questions 111–120

1. Question 111 · 548 in bank

   A company is running Amazon EC2 instances in multiple AWS accounts. A developer needs to implement an application that collects all the lifecycle events of the EC2 instances. The application needs to store the lifecycle events in a single Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue in the company's main AWS account for further processing. Which solution will meet these requirements?

   • AConfigure Amazon EC2 to deliver the EC2 instance lifecycle events from all accounts to the Amazon EventBridge event bus of the main account. Add an EventBridge rule to the event bus of the main account that matches all EC2 instance lifecycle events. Add the SQS queue as a target of the rule.
   • BUse the resource policies of the SQS queue in the main account to give each account permissions to write to that SQS queue. Add to the Amazon EventBridge event bus of each account an EventBridge rule that matches all EC2 instance lifecycle events. Add the SQS queue in the main account as a target of the rule.
   • CWrite an AWS Lambda function that scans through all EC2 instances in the company accounts to detect EC2 instance lifecycle changes. Configure the Lambda function to write a notification message to the SQS queue in the main account if the function detects an EC2 instance lifecycle change. Add an Amazon EventBridge scheduled rule that invokes the Lambda function every minute.
   • DConfigure the permissions on the main account event bus to receive events from all accounts. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule in each account to send all the EC2 instance lifecycle events to the main account event bus. Add an EventBridge rule to the main account event bus that matches all EC2 instance lifecycle events. Set the SQS queue as a target for the rule.

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   Answer: D

   Explanation

   The correct answer is D. Amazon EC2 instances can send the state-change notification events to Amazon EventBridge. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/monitoring-instance-state-changes.html Amazon EventBridge can send and receive events between event buses in AWS accounts. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eventbridge/latest/userguide/eb-cross-account.html

   Source: Adapted from community discussion — Untamables

   References

   • AWS documentation
   • AWS documentation
   • AWS documentation

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2. Question 112 · 548 in bank

   A developer wants to store information about movies. Each movie has a title, release year, and genre. The movie information also can include additional properties about the cast and production crew. This additional information is inconsistent across movies. For example, one movie might have an assistant director, and another movie might have an animal trainer. The developer needs to implement a solution to support the following use cases: For a given title and release year, get all details about the movie that has that title and release year. For a given title, get all details about all movies that have that title. For a given genre, get all details about all movies in that genre. Which data store configuration will meet these requirements?

   • ACreate an Amazon DynamoDB table. Configure the table with a primary key that consists of the title as the partition key and the release year as the sort key. Create a global secondary index that uses the genre as the partition key and the title as the sort key.
   • BCreate an Amazon DynamoDB table. Configure the table with a primary key that consists of the genre as the partition key and the release year as the sort key. Create a global secondary index that uses the title as the partition key.
   • COn an Amazon RDS DB instance, create a table that contains columns for title, release year, and genre. Configure the title as the primary key.
   • DOn an Amazon RDS DB instance, create a table where the primary key is the title and all other data is encoded into JSON format as one additional column.

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   Answer: A

   Explanation

   A. Create an Amazon DynamoDB table. Configure the table with a primary key that consists of the title as the partition key and the release year as the sort key. Create a global secondary index that uses the genre as the partition key and the title as the sort key. This option is the best choice for the given requirements. By using DynamoDB, the developer can store the movie information in a flexible and scalable NoSQL database. The primary key can be set to the title and release year, allowing for efficient retrieval of information about a specific movie. The global secondary index can be created using the genre as the partition key, allowing for efficient retrieval of information about all movies in a specific genre. Additionally, the use of a NoSQL database like DynamoDB allows for the flexible storage of additional properties about the cast and crew, as each movie can have different properties without affecting the structure of the database.

   Source: Adapted from community discussion — Bibay

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3. Question 113 · 548 in bank

   A company has a serverless application on AWS that uses a fleet of AWS Lambda functions that have aliases. The company regularly publishes new Lambda function by using an in-house deployment solution. The company wants to improve the release process and to use traffic shifting. A newly published function version should initially make available only to a fixed percentage of production users. Which solution will meet these requirements?

   • AConfigure routing on the alias of the new function by using a weighted alias.
   • BConfigure a canary deployment type for Lambda.
   • CConfigure routing on the new versions by using environment variables.
   • DConfigure a linear deployment type for Lambda.

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   Answer: A

   Explanation

   The correct answer is (A). Weighted aliases allow you to route traffic to different versions of a function based on weights that you assign. This allows you to implement a canary deployment, where you initially route a small percentage of your traffic to the new version of the function, and then gradually increase the percentage as you gain confidence in the new version.

   Source: Adapted from community discussion — Digo30sp

   References

   • AWS documentation
   • AWS documentation

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4. Question 114 · 548 in bank

   A company has an application that stores data in Amazon RDS instances. The application periodically experiences surges of high traffic that cause performance problems. During periods of peak traffic, a developer notices a reduction in query speed in all database queries. The team’s technical lead determines that a multi-threaded and scalable caching solution should be used to offload the heavy read traffic. The solution needs to improve performance. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST complexity?

   • AUse Amazon ElastiCache for Memcached to offload read requests from the main database.
   • BReplicate the data to Amazon DynamoDSet up a DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) cluster.
   • CConfigure the Amazon RDS instances to use Multi-AZ deployment with one standby instance. Offload read requests from the main database to the standby instance.
   • DUse Amazon ElastiCache for Redis to offload read requests from the main database.

   Show answer

   Answer: A

   Explanation

   When deciding between Memcached and Redis, here are a few questions to consider: Is object caching your primary goal, for example to offload your database? If so, use Memcached. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/whitepapers/latest/scale-performance-elasticache/memcached-vs.-redis.html

   Source: Adapted from community discussion — kashtelyan

   References

   • AWS documentation

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5. Question 115 · 548 in bank

   A developer must provide an API key to an AWS Lambda function to authenticate with a third-party system. The Lambda function will run on a schedule. The developer needs to ensure that the API key remains encrypted at rest. Which solution will meet these requirements?

   • AStore the API key as a Lambda environment variable by using an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key.
   • BConfigure the application to prompt the user to provide the password to the Lambda function on the first run.
   • CStore the API key as a value in the application code.
   • DUse Lambda@Edge and only communicate over the HTTPS protocol.

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   Answer: A

   Explanation

   The correct answer is (A). Storing the API key as a Lambda environment variable using an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer-managed key is the most secure solution. AWS KMS is a managed encryption service that provides customer-managed keys. Customer-managed keys are encrypted with an AWS KMS master key, which is stored in an AWS KMS vault.

   Source: Adapted from community discussion — Digo30sp

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6. Question 116 · 548 in bank

   An IT department uses Amazon S3 to store sensitive images. After more than 1 year, the company moves the images into archival storage. The company rarely accesses the images, but the company wants a storage solution that maximizes resiliency. The IT department needs access to the images that have been moved to archival storage within 24 hours. Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

   • AUse S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) to store the images. Use S3 Glacier Deep Archive with standard retrieval to store and retrieve archived images.
   • BUse S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) to store the images. Use S3 Glacier Deep Archive with bulk retrieval to store and retrieve archived images.
   • CUse S3 Intelligent-Tiering to store the images. Use S3 Glacier Deep Archive with standard retrieval to store and retrieve archived images.
   • DUse S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) to store the images. Use S3 Glacier Deep Archive with bulk retrieval to store and retrieve archived images.

   Show answer

   Answer: A

   Explanation

   A is correct. The requirement of maximizing resiliency rules out One Zone. Standard recover is within 12 hours, which fits the requirement of within 24 hours. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/restoring-objects-retrieval-options.html

   Source: Adapted from community discussion — Learning4life

   References

   • AWS documentation
   • AWS documentation
   • AWS documentation

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7. Question 117 · 548 in bank

   A developer is building a serverless application by using the AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM). The developer is currently testing the application in a development environment. When the application is nearly finished, the developer will need to set up additional testing and staging environments for a quality assurance team. The developer wants to use a feature of the AWS SAM to set up deployments to multiple environments. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

   • AAdd a configuration file in TOML format to group configuration entries to every environment. Add a table for each testing and staging environment. Deploy updates to the environments by using the sam deploy command and the --config-env flag that corresponds to each environment.
   • BCreate additional AWS SAM templates for each testing and staging environment. Write a custom shell script that uses the sam deploy command and the --template-file flag to deploy updates to the environments.
   • CCreate one AWS SAM configuration file that has default parameters. Perform updates to the testing and staging environments by using the --parameter-overrides flag in the AWS SAM CLI and the parameters that the updates will override.
   • DUse the existing AWS SAM template. Add additional parameters to configure specific attributes for the serverless function and database table resources that are in each environment. Deploy updates to the testing and staging environments by using the sam deploy command.

   Show answer

   Answer: A

   Explanation

   To set up deployments to multiple environments with the least development effort in a serverless application using the AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM), the developer can utilize a configuration file in TOML format with grouped configuration entries for each environment. This approach allows for easy management of different environment configurations and streamlines the deployment process. The specific steps would include: Creating a configuration file in TOML format: This file will include a table for each testing and staging environment, where each table contains the specific configuration for that environment. Using the sam deploy command with the --config-env flag: This flag allows specifying which environment configuration to use for the deployment, corresponding to the tables defined in the configuration file. This solution aligns with Option A:

   Source: Adapted from community discussion — SerialiDr

   References

   • AWS documentation

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8. Question 118 · 548 in bank

   A developer is working on an application that processes operating data from IoT devices. Each IoT device uploads a data file once every hour to an Amazon S3 bucket. The developer wants to immediately process each data file when the data file is uploaded to Amazon S3. The developer will use an AWS Lambda function to process the data files from Amazon S3. The Lambda function is configured with the S3 bucket information where the files are uploaded. The developer wants to configure the Lambda function to immediately invoke after each data file is uploaded. Which solution will meet these requirements?

   • AAdd an asynchronous invocation to the Lambda function. Select the S3 bucket as the source.
   • BAdd an Amazon EventBridge event to the Lambda function. Select the S3 bucket as the source.
   • CAdd a trigger to the Lambda function. Select the S3 bucket as the source.
   • DAdd a layer to the Lambda function. Select the S3 bucket as the source.

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   Answer: C

   Explanation

   The correct answer is (C). Adding a trigger to your Lambda function is the solution that will meet these requirements. A trigger is an event that can invoke a Lambda function. In the case of this issue, the trigger must be an Amazon S3 event that fires when a new file is uploaded to the bucket.

   Source: Adapted from community discussion — Digo30sp

   References

   • AWS documentation
   • AWS documentation

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9. Question 119 · 548 in bank

   A developer is setting up infrastructure by using AWS CloudFormation. If an error occurs when the resources described in the Cloud Formation template are provisioned, successfully provisioned resources must be preserved. The developer must provision and update the CloudFormation stack by using the AWS CLI. Which solution will meet these requirements?

   • AAdd an --enable-termination-protection command line option to the create-stack command and the update-stack command.
   • BAdd a --disable-rollback command line option to the create-stack command and the update-stack command.
   • CAdd a --parameters ParameterKey=PreserveResources,ParameterValue=True command line option to the create-stack command and the update-stack command.
   • DAdd a --tags Key=PreserveResources,Value=True command line option to the create-stack command and the update-stack command.

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   Answer: B

   Explanation

   The correct answer is (B). The --disable-rollback command-line option will prevent CloudFormation from rolling back the stack to the previous state if an error occurs. This will ensure that successfully provisioned resources are preserved.

   Source: Adapted from community discussion — Digo30sp

   References

   • AWS documentation

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10. Question 120 · 548 in bank

    A developer is building a serverless application that connects to an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL database. The serverless application consists of hundreds of AWS Lambda functions. During every Lambda function scale out, a new database connection is made that increases database resource consumption. The developer needs to decrease the number of connections made to the database. The solution must not impact the scalability of the Lambda functions. Which solution will meet these requirements?

    • AConfigure provisioned concurrency for each Lambda function by setting the ProvisionedConcurrentExecutions parameter to 10.
    • BEnable cluster cache management for Aurora PostgreSQL. Change the connection string of each Lambda function to point to cluster cache management.
    • CUse Amazon RDS Proxy to create a connection pool to manage the database connections. Change the connection string of each Lambda function to reference the proxy.
    • DConfigure reserved concurrency for each Lambda function by setting the ReservedConcurrentExecutions parameter to 10.

    Show answer

    Answer: C

    Explanation

    C: Amazon RDS Proxy is designed to improve application scalability and resilience by pooling and reusing database connections. This can significantly reduce the number of connections each Lambda function has to establish

    Source: Adapted from community discussion — dilleman

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DVA-C02 practice, question 111. 548 questions available.